Introduction

This article explores the commonalities between Pakistani and Turkish Muslims, focusing on their shared history, religious beliefs, and cultural practices. Although born in India and raised in Britain, the author draws on personal experiences and scholarly insights to provide a unique perspective. The article highlights the cultural, religious, and linguistic influences that connect these two distinct Islamic communities.

Common Religious Affiliation

Both Pakistani and Turkish Muslims overwhelmingly identify as Hanafi Sunnis. This shared religious affiliation is rooted in a rich historical and cultural legacy. The Hanafi school of jurisprudence, one of the four major schools in Sunni Islam, has been a unifying factor for Muslims across different regions. In Pakistan, the Hanafi school has been particularly influential due to the work of reform movements during the 18th century, inspired by figures like Shah Waliullah Dehlavi. In Turkey, the Hanafi school was similarly prevalent, despite later shifts towards simplification under Mustafa Kemal.

Language and Cultural Influence

The influence of Persian culture is evident in both Pakistani and Turkish languages. Even today, proficiency in at least a little Persian literature is considered a mark of education. Saadi and Hafiz, renowned Persian poets, are celebrated in both countries, reflecting the lasting impact of Persian cultural sphere. In Turkey, this influence was compounded by the Ottoman Empire's extensive rule, which helped preserve and spread Persian language and culture.

Cultural Mores and Traditions

Similar cultural mores and traditions also bind Pakistani and Turkish Muslims. A personal anecdote from the author's honeymoon in Turkey illustrates one such cultural practice. During their stay, the couple received breakfast in a tray to take back to their room. A joke about this arranged meal showcases how certain practices are deeply rooted in Muslim Persianate high culture. Such traditions, handed down from generation to generation, create a sense of shared heritage and community.

Historical and Cultural Connections

While religious and cultural connections remain strong, historical and cultural ties have been pivotal in shaping the bonds between these two communities. The Ottoman Turks and Mughals shared common religious affiliations, as both followed the Hanafi school of Sunni Islam. They also had numerous shared cultural, architectural, and religious commonalities, reflecting their interconnected history. Today, these bonds exist more in terms of shared historical memory and in modern geopolitical, defense, and diplomatic relations.

Conclusion

While the author acknowledges the differences between modern-day Pakistan and Turkey, the shared historical, religious, and cultural heritage remains a strong foundation. These connections continue to be a source of common ground and unity for Pakistani and Turkish Muslims. By exploring these shared elements, we can better understand the rich and intricate tapestry of Islamic cultures in South Asia and Turkey.