India's Polity and Tolerance: The Impact of Political Dynamics on Social Harmony

Tolerance has always been a defining characteristic of India, a multicultural and diverse nation. However, recent political dynamics under the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) rule since 2014 have led to a concerning decline in this essential virtue. The delicate balance of coexistence among various religious, cultural, and social groups seems to be under pressure. This article explores the impact of political developments on the level of social tolerance in India, focusing on the role of political parties and the increasing politicization of religious and regional divisions.

Historical Context of Indian Tolerance

India has a rich history of religious tolerance dating back centuries. Ancient texts and historical accounts indicate that various religions and cultural practices coexisted peacefully. This tradition was further reinforced by social reforms and movements like the Indian National Movement, which emphasized unity and mutual respect among different groups. The Constitution of India, adopted in 1950, also enshrines the principle of secularism and guarantees fundamental rights, including freedom of religion. These historical factors have made India a model of tolerance in the subcontinent and beyond.

The Impact of BJP Rule

Since 2014, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has been in power at the national level. This has brought about significant changes in the political dynamics and, consequently, in the social fabric of the country. The BJP's approach to governance has been accused of promoting a polarized and divisive political environment. The focus on communal and regional fault lines has overshadowed concerns related to development and social justice. This shift in priorities has contributed to a decline in the level of tolerance among the populace.

Political Parties and the Rise of Communalism

The current political landscape in India is marked by heightened communal tensions. Political parties, especially the BJP and its allies, have been accused of exploiting religious, regional, and caste-based identities to mobilize support. This has resulted in a rise in communal nationalism and the politicization of religion. For instance, the BJP's focus on the construction of a temple at Babri Masjid has stirred emotions and led to protests and violence. Similarly, the issue of Patel community's inclusion in the states of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh has triggered regional tensions.

The Role of Politicians in Maintaining Tolerance

A crucial aspect of maintaining social harmony lies in the conduct and actions of politicians. However, the political landscape under the BJP rule seems to have shifted away from statesmanship towards short-term election-driven strategies. Politicians, especially the Prime Minister, have frequently shown a penchant for electioneering and deploying their influence to secure votes. This has led to a continuous election mode, with leaders and parties often operating in hyper-emotional and polarized environments. The result is a diminishing sense of civility and mutual respect, traits that are essential for a tolerant society.

The Global Impact of Domestic Political Climate

The political climate in India extends beyond its borders, influencing the standing of the country on the global stage. With an increasingly influential Indian diaspora spread across the world, the political compulsions and priorities of various parties have begun to spill over into international politics. This has led to a phenomenon where leaders and parties are constantly working to maintain a positive image abroad, often at the expense of domestic issues. As a result, the concept of statesmanship is gradually giving way to the demands of party politics.

Conclusion

India's journey towards a more tolerant society faces significant challenges. The political dynamics under the BJP rule since 2014 have contributed to a decline in communal harmony. The politicization of religious and regional identities, combined with short-term election strategies, has eroded the foundations of a tolerant and inclusive nation. Addressing these issues requires a renewed focus on development and social justice, alongside a philosophy of inclusive governance. It is imperative that political leaders at all levels prioritize the well-being of their citizens over short-term gains, fostering a society that upholds the values of tolerance and coexistence.