Is the Belarusian Language Dying, and Can It Be Saved?

The situation of the Belarusian language is complex and deeply rooted in the political landscape of Belarus. While there is a growing awareness and some efforts to save and promote it, the language faces significant challenges. This article explores the current state of the Belarusian language and discusses the possibilities for its revival.

A Reigniting Linguistic Identity

Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in the Belarusian language amidst the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine. This renewed interest is a glimmer of hope for a language that has historically been under threat due to various forms of suppression and discrimination.

Under Threat: Factors Contributing to Language Decline

While the Belarusian language has a rich history and has persisted for centuries, it faces numerous challenges. When a government provides an 'equal' and superior status to another language, such as Russian in the case of Belarus, the native language is at risk of being marginalized and eventually phased out. This is a common pattern observed throughout history where dominant languages suppress minority languages.

One of the primary reasons for the decline of the Belarusian language is the lack of Belarusian options in daily life. When people are unable to find Belarusian books, textbooks, educational services, or legal services, they are forced to learn and prefer the dominant language—Russian. This pressure, combined with discriminatory treatment when trying to maintain Belarusian, creates a vicious cycle that undermines the language.

Instances of Linguistic Discrimination

The reality of linguistic discrimination in Belarus is stark. Many educational establishments falsely claim to offer Belarusian language instruction while offering only a minimal amount of Belarusian classes and the majority of the curriculum is taught in Russian. This deceptive practice discourages Belarusians from learning and speaking their native language, further contributing to its decline.

Writers and parents in Belarus have faced significant challenges. Many Belarusian books have been banned, and writers have had to flee the country to escape persecution. These extreme actions are indicative of the gravity of the situation but also highlight the determination of individuals to preserve their cultural and linguistic heritage.

The Path Forward: Reviving the Belarusian Language

The revival of the Belarusian language requires a multifaceted approach. Political change is a critical first step. Ousting those who have been oppressive towards the language and implementing policies that protect and promote Belarusian is essential. However, the true strength lies in the will and spirit of the Belarusian people.

People must recognize the importance of their language and take decisive action. As Alina Nagornaya, the author of 404 Language Not Found, has demonstrated, extreme measures can lead to positive change. The book's bold message and its prohibition have galvanized support for the language among its readers.

Another example is the author of Mova: Roman, whose novel was banned and confiscated in Belarus due to its political content. After moving to Germany, the author continues to push for the preservation of the Belarusian language, showcasing the resilience of those committed to linguistic preservation.

Conclusion: The Need for Active Participation

The preservation of the Belarusian language is not solely the responsibility of the government or influential figures. It requires active participation from the Belarusian people. By valuing and promoting their native tongue, they can ensure its survival and revival.

The Belarusian language is not just a linguistic identity; it is a symbol of cultural heritage, national pride, and resilience. With concerted efforts and a collective commitment, it is possible to save this precious language from the brink of extinction.