Pashtun and Hazara Relations: Debunking the Myth of Hatred and Conflict
Pashtun and Hazara Relations: Debunking the Myth of Hatred and Conflict
Pashtun and Hazara relations in Afghanistan are often misunderstood, with misconceptions of historic blood feuds and deep-rooted hatreds. This article aims to address these myths and provide a more nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between these communities. The dialogue surrounding the Pashtun and Hazara relationship is often skewed, and an examination of historical and ideological factors can help dispel these misunderstandings.
Historical Context and Collaboration with Invaders
Historically, there has been a significant level of distrust between Pashtuns and Hazaras, primarily because the Hazaras have collaborated with invaders in the past. The Mongol invasions of the 13th century, for example, resulted in the brutal occupation and significant depopulation of parts of Afghanistan. Pashtuns hold a grudge against the Hazaras for this historical invasion, leading to an ongoing sense of mistrust.
Furthermore, during the 19th and 20th centuries, the Hazaras were often seen as a minority and easy targets for persecution due to their religious and ethnic identities. This has created lasting stereotypes and mistrust, which continue to influence current relations between the two groups.
Shia-Sunni Conflict vs. Ethnic Conflict
While there is a perception of anti-Hazara sentiment among Pashtuns, it is important to clarify that the conflict is not primarily an ethnic one but an ideological one, specifically a Shia-Sunni divide. The Pashtuns predominantly follow Sunni Islam, while the Hazaras are primarily Shia Muslims. This religious difference has often been exploited by political and economic interests, leading to conflicts and mistrust.
During the reign of Abdurrahman Khan, who was supported by British colonizers, there was an aggressive campaign to Pashtunize the country. This included taking over non-Pashtun lands, which led to conflicts and tensions. However, these conflicts were more about land and political control than an ethnic or religious animosity.
Recent and Contemporary Events
Unfortunately, recent events have not helped in improving the relationship. For instance, during the Taliban's retreat in 2001, Hazaras took their revenge on ethnic Pashtuns. This led to the discovery of mass graves in the Hazarajat region, with many Pashtuns among the victims, and a significant number of women being taken as captives. This event further fueled the mistrust between the two communities.
It is essential to note that making generalizations about entire communities based on past actions is not fair. While some Pashtuns may harbor negative sentiments towards Hazaras, it is important to recognize that there are many Pashtuns who can and do get along with Hazaras. Educated Pashtuns in the West often have positive views towards Hazaras and do not promote hatred.
Conclusion and Moving Forward
The future of Afghanistan does not look good if the current cycle of historical hatred continues. Both Pashtuns and Hazaras need to move beyond the past and focus on creating a bright future for their country. It is time for both communities to unite and work towards a peaceful and prosperous Afghanistan, transcending past differences and prejudice.
Remember, the human history is riddled with dark events, but it is vital to focus on the positive changes that can be made. Embrace a future where every faith and every individual is valued, irrespective of their past actions or current affiliations.