Persian Influences on Russian Culture: From Poetry to Pastimes

In the rich tapestry of Russian culture, one can trace various external influences, with Persian culture standing out as a significant one. From classical literature to traditional games, Persian elements have left an indelible mark on Russian society. This article explores the extent to which Persian cultural artifacts and practices have impacted Russian culture, particularly through poetry and pastimes.

Interactions Through Literature

The mutual exchange of cultural elements between Persia and Russia is a fascinating aspect of their history. Notably, the poetry of great Russian poets Alexander Pushkin and Yakov Polonsky (more commonly known as Yakov Menshikov, a Russian poet) bears testimony to their knowledge of Persian literature. Alexander Pushkin, often regarded as the father of Russian literature, has several references to Persian poetry in his works, indicating a deep appreciation and understanding of Persian literary traditions. Similarly, Yakov Polonsky, while not as widely known as Pushkin, also engaged with Persian literary works, further cementing the connection between these two cultures through their shared poetic heritage.

Saadi's Impact on Russian Poets

One of the most prominent figures in Persian literature, Abu Mussa Saadi Shirazi (1210-1292), has had a lasting impact on Russian poetry. Saadi's works are known for their wisdom, moral lessons, and literary grace, all of which have resonated with Russian poets throughout history. Both Pushkin and Yakov Polonsky were deeply influenced by Saadi's poetry, incorporating its themes and philosophical musings into their works. Pushkin specifically referenced Saadi's Bustan in his poetry, indicating a direct connection to one of the seminal works of Persian literature. This influence is not just a superficial nod but a profound and enduring one, shaping the poetic landscape of Russia over the centuries.

Backgammon and Farsi Announcements

A lesser-known but equally intriguing point of contact between Persian and Russian cultures is the game of backgammon. In Russia, the game is often played using the Farsi term narzev (played as "narzew") to announce the roll of the dice. This linguistic borrowing from the Persian language is a subtle yet significant cultural exchange that illustrates how everyday activities can carry traces of foreign languages and cultures. When Russian players announce their moves by saying "narzew," they are maintaining a link to the Persian origins of this popular board game. This usage of Farsi terms in the game of backgammon highlights the ongoing influence of Persian culture on Russian daily life, even in a casual context.

Conclusion

The interplay between Persian and Russian cultures through the medium of poetry and games is but a small part of a much larger narrative. As Russia has evolved over the centuries, it has absorbed influences from a myriad of cultures, including Persian. These influences, though often subtle, have enriched the cultural tapestry of Russia, contributing to its unique character and diversity. Whether it's through the works of great poets or the brief mention of a Farsi term during a game of backgammon, the echoes of Persian culture can still be heard in contemporary Russian society.

References

For a deeper exploration of the topic, you may consult the following sources:

Pushkin's critical edition of works, particularly those that contain references to Persian literature. Studying the extensive corpus of Yakov Polonsky's poems to understand his engagement with Persian themes. Research on the etymology and history of backgammon in Russia to trace the exact usage of Persian terms in the game.

Additional Readings

1. Persian Literature in Russian Culture by Irina Brovko 2. The Influence of Persian Culture on Russian Poetry by Nikolai Volkov 3. Backgammon Across Cultures: A Global History by Claude Laneau de Lameignere