Reflecting on Divine Providence: Tackling the Question of God's Absence in Slavery and Oppression

Throughout the turbulent history of human civilization, questions surrounding divine providence and God's actions or inactions often arise. One of the most poignant and challenging of these questions is: where was God during slavery and the widespread abuse of Black people? This essay aims to explore this query within a broader historical and theological context, analyzing the complexities of divine intervention and human suffering.

The Role of Divine Providence

Divine providence, the concept that a superior being watches over and controls the universe, suggests that God has a purposeful role in human history. However, the reality of slavery and oppression seems to contradict this notion, leading many to question God's supposed benevolence and presence during these horrific events. It is important to recognise that from a theological perspective, God operates on a different time and understanding of purpose, not necessarily aligning with human time or expectations.

Example from History: During the transatlantic slave trade, Africans were sold and transported to the Americas against their will. From a Christian perspective, one might argue that God had a divine providence, even if it is not immediately clear to humans. For instance, the transatlantic slave trade may have been seen as part of a larger plan to spread Christianity and civilisation to the New World. This perspective, however, absolves God of direct action and fails to account for the suffering endured by the enslaved individuals.

The New Testament and Slavery

The New Testament contains several references to slavery, including commanded not to escape from their masters. Some scholarly interpretations suggest that these commands were meant to encourage enslaved individuals to bear their trials with patience and faith, rather than resistance. This interpretation, while offering comfort to believers, avoids addressing the ethics of slavery and the implied complicity of God with the institution.

Example from the New Testament: In the Book of Philemon, Paul writes to his friend Philemon, urging him to forgive his runaway slave, Onesimus, and to treat him as a brother. This exemplifies the non-violent and reconciling attitude some Christians advocate, though it does not necessarily negate the wider historical framework of slavery.

Divine Purpose and Historical Context

From a theological standpoint, the relocation of Africans to the Americas and their subsequent enslavement can be seen as part of a broader narrative of human events guided by God's providence. The transatlantic slave trade can be understood as a result of complex historical circumstances, including economic, social, and political factors, rather than a direct act of God. Nonetheless, such events can also be viewed as a result of human freedom of choice and responsibility.

Example of Historical Context: The narrative of shared human responsibility includes instances where Black people were initially worshippers of deities associated with their native lands, such as mountains, cattle, water, and food. The transition to monotheism was seen as a crucial step in their spiritual and moral development, as God demanded greater and primordial love and worship.

A Better World with Divine Providence

While looking back at a history marred by oppression, it is also worthwhile to imagine a world where divine providence guides true compassion, justice, and understanding. Picture a world where God helps everyone, and there is no need for war, weapons, illness, or racial discrimination. Life in this idealized world is simple, with everyone worshipping God and enjoying a peaceful existence without suffering. This vision, however, should not be seen as a justification for the past but as a call for a society that strives toward higher values and empathy.

Key Points: In this utopian world, there would be:

No war, hence no need for weapons or soldiers. No illness, hence no need for medicine or hospitals. No racial discrimination, everyone embraces diversity. Everyone worships God, ensuring moral and spiritual growth. No hunger, as food is abundant and everyone is vegan. No natural disasters, as God ensures everyone’s safety.

It is important to recognize that this perfect world is a powerful ideal, but it serves as a reminder of the potential and responsibility we have to bring justice and kindness to our reality.

In conclusion, while questions of where God was during the horrors of slavery and oppression are valid and deeply troubling, they also compel us to seek understanding within the broader frameworks of history and theology. By examining these questions, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the complexities of human experience and the role of divine providence in shaping our world.