Is Shrestha a Very Common Surname in Nepal?

Yes, the Shrestha surname is relatively common in Nepal. It is primarily associated with the Newar community, an indigenous ethnic group from the Kathmandu Valley. The Newar community is known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse professions, including trade, business, and various other fields. The Shrestha surname is often linked to individuals who have made significant contributions to these areas.

Origin of the Shrestha Surname

The Shrestha surname has its roots in South India. They are known for starting the caste system in Nepal during the reign of Jaya Sthithi Malla. They migrated to Nepal after fleeing the Muslim conquests in Bihar and the subsequent burning of Nalanda University.

Shrestha Descendants from Bihar and Nepal

The Shrestha surname became more common after the Shahas conquered Kathmandu. Their original surnames included Amatya, Vaidya, Joshi, and Karmacharya. Over time, the Newar Kshatriyas started to call themselves Shresthas.

The Shresthas of Kathmandu Valley are a Hindu caste group that is believed to be of Bihari origin. There is much debate about the exact timing and circumstances of their arrival in Nepal, but most scholars agree that they migrated from Bihar sometime during the 12th or 13th centuries. They are also related to the Malla kings, who fled from Bihar and Southern Nepal to the Kathmandu valley around the 12th and 14th centuries.

Cultural and Linguistic Evidence of Bihari Origin

Several factors point to Bihari origins of the Shresthas. First, they speak a language called Newari, which is closely related to the Bihari languages of Maithili and Bhojpuri. Second, the Shresthas share many cultural practices with Bihari Hindus, such as celebrating the same festivals like Holi and Diwali.

The most compelling evidence of their Bihari origins is their surnames. Many Shresthas have surnames found in Bihar, such as Piya, Amatya, Vaidya, Joshi, etc. These surnames are typically associated with the Rajput caste in Bihar, suggesting that the Shresthas were originally Rajputs from Bihar.

Migration to Nepal and Their Impact

The Shresthas did not come alone to Nepal. They also brought along Rajopadhyas, Brahmings, Prajapatis, Murtikars, Khadgis (Butchers), Kapalis (Dhobis), and Malis (Gardeners) who were from their home state of Bihar. They settled in the Kathmandu valley and quickly became a powerful and influential group in Nepal. They played a leading role in the government and economy and became one of the most wealthy and respected caste groups in the country.

Present-Day Significance of Shrestha in Nepal

Today, the Shresthas of Kathmandu Valley continue to play an important role in Nepal. They are still one of the most wealthy and influential caste groups in the country and are closely associated with the Bihari cultural tradition. This rich historical and cultural heritage continues to shape their identity and contribute to the diverse and vibrant cultural tapestry of Nepal.

Keywords: Shrestha surname, Newar community, Bihari origins