The Age of the British Crown Jewels: An Exploring Timeline

When discussing the age of the British Crown Jewels, it's important to clarify which jewels we are referring to, as several collections exist with varying origins. From the reign of Charles II in the 1660s to recent acquired pieces, this article delves into the history and evolution of these historically significant artifacts.

Dependence on the Collection

Firstly, it's crucial to note that the term "British Crown Jewels" can refer to different collections. If we focus on the coronation jewels kept in the Tower of London and used in Westminster Abbey for crowning ceremonies, these date back to the reign of Charles II in the 1660s. Charles II had to commission new regalia since the Cromwellian regime had melted down the old jewels during the English Civil War. These jewels could be considered the English Crown Jewels, as they were initially created for English coronations.

The Scottish Crown Jewels: A Richer History

Archaeological and historical records reveal that the Scottish Crown Jewels, known as the Honours of Scotland, possess a much older history. These jewels date from the first half of the 16th century and can be observed today in Edinburgh Castle. This collection includes the Crown, Sceptre, Sword, and other ceremonial items.

The Current “Jewels of the Crown”

The term "Jewels of the Crown" is often used to describe the most contemporary and important royal regalia. These are not all the same age, and some date back at least several hundred years, from the 17th century to as recent as the late 19th century or even early 20th century. Each piece has its unique history and plays a significant role in the coronation and other royal ceremonies.

A Detailed Timeline

17th Century: In the 1660s, Charles II commissioned new regalia, replacing the ones melted down during the Cromwellian regime. These include the Imperial State Crown, the Sceptre, and the Sword of State. The coronation regalia of James II (reigned 1685-1688) and William III (reigned 1689-1702) also belong to this era.

19th Century: During the reign of Queen Victoria, major renovations and additions were made to the Crown Jewels. Most notably, the Imperial State Crown was significantly altered, adding 2,868 diamonds, 17 sapphires, 11 emeralds, and 26 pearls. Other notable pieces from this period include the Crown and Coronation Dress of Queen Alexandra in 1876, and the Crown of Queen Mary in 1911.

20th Century: In the early 20th century, several important additions were made. These include the Coronation Necklace of Queen Alexandra and the Necklace of Princess Mary. These items were designed and set with British diamonds to commemorate the coronations of Edward VII and King George V respectively.

Current State of the Crown Jewels

Currently, the Crown Jewels are looked after by the Royal Collection Trust and can be viewed by the public in the Jewel House at the Tower of London during their open days. While some pieces are stored in the Royal Palaces and can only be seen during coronations, the public has the opportunity to admire these historical treasures through guided tours and special exhibitions.

Conclusion

The British Crown Jewels are a blend of historical significance and modern additions. Each piece has its unique story, from the 17th-century regalia to more contemporary elements. Understanding their age and history provides insight into the rich and evolving traditions of the British monarchy. Whether displayed in the Jewel House or seen during a coronation, these jewels continue to hold a place in the hearts and minds of the British people and visitors worldwide.