The Timeline of Minoan vs Mycenaean Dominance in the Aegean
The Timeline of Minoan vs Mycenaean Dominance in the Aegean
It is often debated and discussed whether the Mycenaeans or the Minoans were the dominant people in the Aegean. The answer to the question 'At what time exactly did the Mycenaeans supplant the Minoan as the dominant people in the Aegean' remains elusive due to the fragmented nature of historical records. This article delves into the theories and evidence surrounding the relationship between these two influential civilizations.
Historical Background
Both the Minoans and the Mycenaeans had significant influences in the Aegean, however, neither can be unequivocally identified as the dominant people. The Minoans, based on the island of Crete, were known for their complex social structures and extensive trade networks. Mycenaean Greece, located on the Greek mainland, was characterized by its powerful kingdoms and mighty warrior class.
The Decline of Minoan Civilization
The fall of Minoan society, if that is what you are referring to, can be associated with several catastrophic events. Of particular note is the Theran volcano eruption that destroyed the Minoan settlement in Akrotiri around 1450-1500 BCE. However, Stuart Dunn, an archaeologist, has revealed that several successive tsunamis with waves exceeding 50 feet struck Cretan shores every 30 minutes, devastating the northern and eastern shores of Crete.
Attacks and Conquests
The Minoan civilization was strong and well-protected with its extensive naval presence, which deterred and thwarted invaders. This is evident in the fact that Minoan cities were not fortified with walls. However, a series of attacks occurred over a period of 150 years, which left Minoan society vulnerable to the Mycenaeans. By around 1450 BCE, the Mycenaeans had gained the upper hand, conquering and absorbing the Minoan people.
Strategic Factors
The Mycenaeans brought a new military strategy, characterized by their skilled warriors and fortified cities. The attacks on Minoan settlements over a century are believed to have significantly weakened their civilization, leaving the Minoans unable to defend themselves effectively. This exploitation of Minoan weakness by the Mycenaeans marked the beginning of the end for the Minoan dominance in the Aegean.
Conclusion
The question of the exact time that the Mycenaeans supplanted the Minoans as the dominant people in the Aegean is complex. The timeline of events is marked by natural disasters and human conflict, making it difficult to pinpoint an exact moment. While the Theran eruption in 1450-1500 BCE and the Mycenaean conquest around 1450 BCE are key events, the gradual weakening of Minoan power due to internal and external pressures over a period of 150 years cannot be ignored.