Why Are Some Korean Men Tall When Their Parents Were Short?

Introduction

As a Korean in my late 40s, I've observed interesting changes in the heights of individuals across different generations within my family. My generation, on average, stands at 170cm for men, whereas my parents' generation, now in their 70s and 80s, is slightly shorter, around 165cm. Surprisingly, my children's generation is even taller, reaching an average height of 175cm. This phenomenon led me to question the underlying factors responsible for these height differences.

Historical Context

Korea experienced significant socioeconomic hardships during the post-war era and the Japanese colonial period. My parents and their parents faced tough times, with many challenges, including struggling to survive during the Korean War and under the Japanese colonial rule. During this period, resources like food and basic necessities were scarce, and families often had to struggle to secure even the most basic needs.

The Japanese colonization, which lasted from 1910 to 1945, was particularly detrimental. The Japanese occupied Korea not only for political and military control but also for economic reasons. They extracted valuable resources, including rice and steel, to support their war efforts. This policy deprived the Korean people of essential supplies, contributing significantly to the already challenging living conditions.

Impact of Economic Development and Nutrition Improvement

One of the most profound changes that have occurred over the generations in Korea is the improvement in nutrition and overall standard of living, propelled by economic development. As the Korean economy grew, there were significant improvements in food and nutrition. Historically, poor nutrition was a significant factor in stunted growth. However, as nutrition improved, people, especially children, were able to grow taller and healthier.

Between 1970 and 2010, the average height of South Korean men increased approximately 10 cm, from around 164.6cm to 173.9cm. This growth was attributed to improved nutrition, better healthcare, and a shift towards a more affluent lifestyle. The overall improvement in health and economic conditions has also contributed to increased life expectancy and better overall quality of life.

Genetic and Hereditary Factors

Beyond the impact of nutrition and economic development, genetic and hereditary factors also play a crucial role in determining height. Koreans, like other populations, have experienced genetic adaptation over generations. Hereditary factors can contribute to taller stature even if the parents themselves are of average height. Genetic predisposition can sometimes lead to individuals who are significantly taller than their parents, as is the case with my particular family.

During times of nutritional stress, the body often prioritizes survival over growth. When given the opportunity to grow and thrive (as with improved nutrition and economic conditions), genetic traits can manifest more clearly in taller stature. This is a prime example of how genetic inheritance and environmental factors work together to shape physical traits over generations.

Conclusion

While the reasons for the increase in height among my family members may not be entirely clear, it is a complex interplay of historical hardships, economic development, and genetic hereditary factors. If you have any insights or theories about this phenomenon, please share them. Understanding these factors not only helps in understanding individual differences but also provides valuable insights into the broader socio-economic transformations that have occurred in Korea.