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Introduction

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India is known for its diverse population, with various states boasting some of the tallest inhabitants. Among them, the people of Kerala, particularly the Malayalis, stand out as one of the tallest populations in the country. This article explores the reasons behind the exceptional height of Kerala Malayalis and the factors that contribute to their distinguished stature.

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The Tallest Population in India

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According to recent studies, the tallest states in India for men above 168 cm and women above 154 cm are as follows:

" "" " Punjab - 1st" " Jammu and Kashmir - 2nd (men and women)" " Haryana - 3rd" " Kerala - 3rd for men and 3rd (tied with Punjab) for women" "" "

This ranking highlights Kerala’s presence not only in the top three states but also its gender parity in terms of height.

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Genetic and Nutritional Influences

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There are two primary reasons why the people of Kerala are taller than those in south and central India. The first is the historical influence of various immigrant groups who settled in the region centuries ago. The second is the regional nutrition, which plays a significant role, albeit not the sole determinant.

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Immigrant Influence

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Immigration has been a crucial factor in the genetic makeup of Kerala Malayalis. Several migrations from different parts of the Middle East led to intermarriage and significant genetic diversification, contributing to the overall height of the population. Let's explore this in detail:

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Arabs and Traders

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Traders from various Middle Eastern regions, such as Persians, Ottomans, Seljuk Turks, Greeks, Romans, Phoenicians, Egyptians, and Portuguese, arrived in Kerala. These traders were particularly fond of the Malabar region, which served as a vital link between the West and Southeast Asia. Over time, they began to integrate into the local communities, leading to the formation of distinctive communities like the Mappilas, who adhered to the religions of the migrant groups.

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Syrian Christians and Migrants

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Another significant group that migrated to Kerala were Syrian Christians. This migration started with Thomas the Apostle and continued over several centuries. The Syrians brought their religion and cultural practices, leading to the formation of a unique community that coexisted with the local populace.

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These immigrants not only brought with them different cultural practices but also contributed genetically to the Malayali population, leading to the distinctive height of the Kerala Malayalis.

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Nutritional Factors

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While genetic diversity has played a significant role, it is important to note that the nutritional status of a population is a critical factor in determining the average height. Despite the diversity brought by immigrants, it is essential to consider the nutritional aspects of Kerala and other regions.

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According to the Asian Development Bank, countries like Timor-Leste, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan have some of the highest rates of undernourishment in Asia. In Timor-Leste, almost 27 percent of the population remains undernourished, with more than 50 percent of people reporting hunger. These conditions result in stunted growth and shorter stature.

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On the other hand, Kerala, although it has had its share of nutritional challenges, has managed to improve its nutritional status over time. Improved agriculture, better access to healthcare, and a more diverse diet have contributed to a better nutritional profile, thereby enhancing the overall height of the population.

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Conclusion

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The unique combination of historical immigration and improved nutrition has contributed significantly to the exceptional height of Kerala Malayalis. While genetic diversity is a major factor, ongoing efforts in nutrition and healthcare continue to play a crucial role in maintaining this unique feature of the population.

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The stories of the Malayali people, like those of many other ethnicities, highlight the importance of historical and nutritional factors in shaping the physical characteristics of populations. Understanding these factors can provide insights into the genetic and biological aspects that define a community's health and well-being.